Quite recently, someone posted a death certificate (they didn't say from where, but probably from a New England state), where they were trying to puzzle out the mother's name. Half of those guessing opted for "Dorit Kum".
The other half of us had a different idea. But before I reveal that one, I should mention that I have also looked to see if there are any records for a Dorit Kum. I checked FamilySearch and Ancestry.com. Nothing popped up in FamilySearch, but one Dorit Kum popped up in Ancestry, and it happens that she was listed as the mother on a death certificate for a North Carolina death. I looked at that image, too.
Two different Dorit Kums? Whose only fact in common (their only discoverable fact of any kind) was being the mother of a deceased individual? I did some more digging, and discovered a woman named Darr Imon. She too was the mother of someone who had passed.
Alas, I would wager that all three women were the same, but not in the sense that they were an actual human being.
No, I feel quite confident that the name of the mother on each death certificate was, in actuality, "Don't know".
As my good friend Cyndi Ingle might say, it's truly best not to overthink what you see handwritten on a genealogical document.
Saturday, April 19, 2014
Tuesday, April 08, 2014
Why Copyright Is Important to Me
In a recent posting to his blog, James Tanner writes: "I am talking
about all the other stuff, blog posts, notes on family trees,
biographies, surname books etc. that have absolutely no expectation of
making a dime for their authors. What then is the benefit of copyright
to these people?"
First, all the stuff that I write on my blog may not pay me *directly*, but may pay me *indirectly*, by enhancing my reputation, so that societies may pay me to speak, and publishers may pay me to write.
Second, I have the right to *control* how my copyrightable material gets used. The reality is, there are individuals and organizations who I support, and individuals and organizations who I do not support. If someone I support asks me to use my material, I may happily give them permission. If someone I do not support asks me, I may choose to refuse. Without copyright protection, I would not have this option.
First, all the stuff that I write on my blog may not pay me *directly*, but may pay me *indirectly*, by enhancing my reputation, so that societies may pay me to speak, and publishers may pay me to write.
Second, I have the right to *control* how my copyrightable material gets used. The reality is, there are individuals and organizations who I support, and individuals and organizations who I do not support. If someone I support asks me to use my material, I may happily give them permission. If someone I do not support asks me, I may choose to refuse. Without copyright protection, I would not have this option.
Saturday, April 05, 2014
Expertise is Neither Dead nor Sequestered
In a very recent posting on his own blog, James Tanner wrote a response to a posting by Michael J. Leclerc, who himself was following up on an article in The Federalist by Tom Nichols. (Are you with me so far?)
In a nutshell, Nichols was lamenting that the print-world distinction between expert opinions and general public opinions was being erased by the Web, which leveled the playing field for access to eyeballs. As an academic librarian, I fully understand his concern. Pre-Web, students had *some* reason to believe that the material that they found in libraries, in other words, material published in books, journals, magazines, and newspapers, had been vetted by professional publishers and editors and librarians, and therefore, these professional gatekeepers kept out uninformed opinions to the extent possible in a free society. In a Web world, we academic librarians have to explain to students that it falls to them to use their critical thinking skills to evaluate the information that they find online, and that anyone (and we do mean *anyone*) can post an opinion on a blog (yes, I recognize the irony that I'm posting this on my own blog) or on a message forum. But just because everything now can be found in the same "place" (the Web), does not mean that it is all of equal research value (or of equal educational value).
My friend Michael built upon Nichols' work by commenting that here in the world of genealogical research, anyone can now post online any genealogical conclusion that they choose, even without a shred of evidence to support it, and that anyone who criticizes them for doing so is often labeled "elitist" (or referred to in similar terms). You can hear the arguments: It's all opinion, after all, and one opinion is just as good as another. It's just a hobby, I shouldn't have to cite my sources.
And now James Tanner has added his own views, agreeing in part with Michael, but claiming that the experts themselves are part of the problem, because they want credit for the research that they do (imagine that!), because the scholarly genealogical publications are "inaccessible" (Translation: They aren't made freely available on the Web, despite the fact that they are probably no farther than a short drive to a nearby large library for most people), and because the authors of the articles claim a copyright. As one of my research institution's copyright librarians, I can assure pretty much anyone that a research article deserves copyright, and nobody should be criticized for asserting the rights that they deserve.
James takes experts to task by saying "I would suggest that those same experts realize that they have a duty and an opportunity to teach others." Yes, James, we do, and we fulfill that duty when we publish our copyrighted material in journals and magazines or blogs or when we present at national, state, and local conferences. But we have no duty to do all of this for free, or to do it all online.
We also have no duty to give up our copyright to our own materials, because there are times when we need to be financially rewarded for what we do, there are times when we want (and fully deserve) credit for what we do, and there are times when we want to control, to the legal extent possible, the use of our material. James says "Any attempt to copy the research is met with hostility. This is true of many (if not most) academic journals." No, what is met with hostility is not when people copy an article for their personal educational use (which almost always falls well within the U.S. fair use guidelines). What is met with hostility is when people *publish* someone else's copyrighted material without permission, because that's a violation of copyright.
People *do* still become educated by subscribing to magazines and journals, and if they can't afford them, then, as a librarian, I do suggest that they discover the nearest library that subscribes on their behalf. I'm not the first to point this out. Janis Gilmore did so in a comment response to James' article. James responded with the idea that it's hard to get new genealogists to look at published print books and journals. This is the fault of the experts? No, this is the fault of those who think that education is not worth the trouble of visiting a library in person. It's not all online, and that's true both of genealogical records *and* of genealogical educational materials. The sooner that new genealogists learn this, the quicker that they'll broaden their educational horizons.
In a nutshell, Nichols was lamenting that the print-world distinction between expert opinions and general public opinions was being erased by the Web, which leveled the playing field for access to eyeballs. As an academic librarian, I fully understand his concern. Pre-Web, students had *some* reason to believe that the material that they found in libraries, in other words, material published in books, journals, magazines, and newspapers, had been vetted by professional publishers and editors and librarians, and therefore, these professional gatekeepers kept out uninformed opinions to the extent possible in a free society. In a Web world, we academic librarians have to explain to students that it falls to them to use their critical thinking skills to evaluate the information that they find online, and that anyone (and we do mean *anyone*) can post an opinion on a blog (yes, I recognize the irony that I'm posting this on my own blog) or on a message forum. But just because everything now can be found in the same "place" (the Web), does not mean that it is all of equal research value (or of equal educational value).
My friend Michael built upon Nichols' work by commenting that here in the world of genealogical research, anyone can now post online any genealogical conclusion that they choose, even without a shred of evidence to support it, and that anyone who criticizes them for doing so is often labeled "elitist" (or referred to in similar terms). You can hear the arguments: It's all opinion, after all, and one opinion is just as good as another. It's just a hobby, I shouldn't have to cite my sources.
And now James Tanner has added his own views, agreeing in part with Michael, but claiming that the experts themselves are part of the problem, because they want credit for the research that they do (imagine that!), because the scholarly genealogical publications are "inaccessible" (Translation: They aren't made freely available on the Web, despite the fact that they are probably no farther than a short drive to a nearby large library for most people), and because the authors of the articles claim a copyright. As one of my research institution's copyright librarians, I can assure pretty much anyone that a research article deserves copyright, and nobody should be criticized for asserting the rights that they deserve.
James takes experts to task by saying "I would suggest that those same experts realize that they have a duty and an opportunity to teach others." Yes, James, we do, and we fulfill that duty when we publish our copyrighted material in journals and magazines or blogs or when we present at national, state, and local conferences. But we have no duty to do all of this for free, or to do it all online.
We also have no duty to give up our copyright to our own materials, because there are times when we need to be financially rewarded for what we do, there are times when we want (and fully deserve) credit for what we do, and there are times when we want to control, to the legal extent possible, the use of our material. James says "Any attempt to copy the research is met with hostility. This is true of many (if not most) academic journals." No, what is met with hostility is not when people copy an article for their personal educational use (which almost always falls well within the U.S. fair use guidelines). What is met with hostility is when people *publish* someone else's copyrighted material without permission, because that's a violation of copyright.
People *do* still become educated by subscribing to magazines and journals, and if they can't afford them, then, as a librarian, I do suggest that they discover the nearest library that subscribes on their behalf. I'm not the first to point this out. Janis Gilmore did so in a comment response to James' article. James responded with the idea that it's hard to get new genealogists to look at published print books and journals. This is the fault of the experts? No, this is the fault of those who think that education is not worth the trouble of visiting a library in person. It's not all online, and that's true both of genealogical records *and* of genealogical educational materials. The sooner that new genealogists learn this, the quicker that they'll broaden their educational horizons.
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